Psychotherapy overview

There are a wide number of different types ofperspective and those who are more
effective therapeutic approaches utilized for thecognitively-oriented are also likely to do better with this
treatment of depression today. These range fromapproach.
cognitive behavioral therapy, to behavioral therapy (alaInterpersonal therapy is another short-term therapy
Lewinsohn), to interpersonal therapy, to rationalutilized in the treatment of depression. Focus of this
emotive therapy, to family and psychodynamictreatment approach is usually on an individual's social
approaches. Both individual and group modalities arerelationships, and specifically on how to improve them.
commonly used, depending upon the severity of theIt is thought that good, stable social support is
depressive episode and the local resources within animperative to a person's overall well-being and health
individual's community.within this framework. When relationships falter, a
Cognitive-behavioral therapy is the most popular andperson directly suffers from the negativity and
commonly used therapy for the effective treatment ofunhealthiness of that relationship. Therapy seeks to
depression. Hundreds of research studies have beenimprove a person's relationship skills, working on
conducted to date which verify its safety andcommunication more effectively, expressing emotions
effectiveness in use to help treat people who sufferappropriately, being properly assertive in social and
from this disorder. Aaron T. Beck is the father of thisoccupational situations, etc. It is usually conducted, like
therapeutic technique and he has authored books andcognitive-behavioral therapy, on an individual basis but
studies supporting cognitive-behavioral therapy.can also be used within a group therapy framework.
Consisting of a number of useful and simple techniquesMost individual approaches, whether they are
which focus on the internal dialogue which takes placecognitive-behavioral, interpersonal, behavioral,
within a person's mind, cognitive-behavioral therapy isrational-emotive, or what-have-you, will emphasize the
not concerned with causes of the depression so muchimportance of the client taking a pro-active approach in
as what a person can do, right now, to help changetherapy. That is, the patient is encouraged to do daily
the way they are feeling.or weekly
Therapy begins by establishing a supportivehomework assignments in-between therapy sessions
therapeutic environment which is positive andwhich are imperative to the success of the treatment
reinforcing for the individual. Educating the client withinapproach. Therapy is an active collaboration between
the first session or two is usually the next step abouttherapist and client. If the client is not yet able to
how depression for many people is caused by faultyparticipate actively in therapy, then a supportive
cognitions. The numerous types of faulty thinking thatenvironment should be provided until medication helps
we as humans do are discussed (e.g., all or nothingenergize the individual further.
thinking, misattribution of blame, overgeneralization, etc.)Psychoanalytic or psychodynamic approaches in the
and the client is encouraged to begin noting his or hertreatment of depression have little research to support
thoughts as they occur throughout the day. This istheir use at this time. While many therapists may make
imperative to further success in treatment, for theuse of psychodynamic theoretical constructs to help
individual must understand how common and oftenconceptualize an individual's personality or specific
these thoughts are occurring during a single day.case, it is likely that applied approaches in these areas
In cognitive-behavioral therapy, emphasis is placed onare ineffective and should be avoided.
discussing these thoughts and the behaviorsFamily or couples therapy should be considered when
associated with depression. While emotions arethe individual's depression is directly affecting family
certainly a focus of some of the time throughoutdynamics or the health of significant relationship. Such
therapy, it is thought within this theoretical frameworktherapy focuses on the interpersonal relationships
that thoughts and behaviors are more likely to changeshared amongst family members and seeks to ensure
emotions than trying to attempt a post-mortemthat communications are clear and without double
analysis of why a person is feeling the way they are.(hidden) meanings. The roles played by various family
Because of this approach, cognitive-behavioral therapymembers in reinforcing the depression within the
is short-term (usually conducted under two dozenpatient are often examined as well. Education about
sessions) and works best for people experiencing adepression in general can also be an important role of
fair amount of distress relating to their depression.such therapy.
Individuals who can approach a problem from a unique