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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

A form of anxiety disorder, post-traumaticOther problems can sometime become associated
stress disorder (PTSD) is sometimes formedwith PTSD, e.g. alcoholism, substance abuse,
after someone has experienced a veryco-occurring depression and other types of
terrifying ordeal, usually where seriousanxiety  disorder.
physical damage could or did occur to the
person  involved.Gastrointestinal complaints, dizziness,
problems with the patient's immune system,
Events that can trigger PTSD to occur includeheadaches or chest pains, amongst numerous
violent attacks on people e.g. muggings,other possible bodily ailments are not
rape, human caused or natural disasters, andunusual.
military combat. Once someone has PTSD they
often  find  it  to  be  hugely  disabling.What is vital is that quick, effective
diagnosis and treatment of these conditions
Large quantities of research has led to aoccurs, so as to provide the best chance of
much better understanding of how the braintreatment  success.
and body are affected by PTSD, various
treatments  are  now  available.Upon diagnosis the sufferer is usually
referred to a mental health professional that
In terms of PTSD symptoms, those affectedhas specialized for years in dealing with
tend to re-experience the worst parts ofpatients displaying the particular disorder
their horrible past in the form of memoryin  question.
flashbacks and nightmares/ frightening
thoughts. Certain objects or events, e.g.Individuals more open to developing PTSD are
anniversaries, that in some way remind thethose that have suffered abuse when a child
sufferer of these dark thoughts can sparkor people who've undergone highly traumatic
these replays. Another symptom of PTSD is aexperiences. More and more factors that can
numbness to emotions, depression, poorlead to PTSD are being found by researchers
sleeping ability, anxiety, outbursts of angerevery  day.
and general irritability. Powerful emotions
of guilt are also common. The majority ofWhat was once believed to be a sign of
those affected by PTSD try to stay clear ofrecovery, emotional numbness, is now
anything that may remind them of their pastconsidered more likely to be a factor
ordeals. If symptoms like these endure forpromoting  PTSD  development.
over  one  month  PTSD can then be diagnosed.
New research has identified the amygdala, a
PTSD can affect any age, from children rightsmall yet highly complex structure within our
through to the elderly. Symptoms are likelybrains controlling our bodies fear response,
to show themselves within three months of aas being abnormally activated in cases of
particular  traumatic  event.PTSD.
Around 3.6% of U.S. adults between the agesThe memory section of our brains, the
of 18-54, 5.2 million people in all, sufferhippocampus, may be functioning abnormally in
from PTSD in any given year. War zones haveassociation with PTSD, providing the various
been visited by roughly 30% of men and womenre-living  of  past  nightmarish  events.
with PTSD. The Vietnam War saw one million
veterans develop this anxiety disorder.PTSD often manifests its self through unusual
Soldiers that fought in the Gulf War also hadlevels of particular hormones. Cortisol has
a  high  number,  estimated  at  up  to  8%.often been seen in lower than usual
quantities whilst norepinephrine and
Once apparent this illnesses duration andepinephrine has been found at abnormally high
severity are variable, lasting from just sixlevels.
months  to  many  years.
Natural pain-relieving opiates released when
Through research effective treatments such aspeople feel they are in danger may be what
those involving cognitive-behavioral therapy,contribute to emotional distancing. These
exposure therapy and group therapy have beenchemicals are released for longer than normal
realized. This treatment works by getting thedurations, often lasting after the terrifying
person affected to repetitively re-live theirevent  has  taken  place.
nightmares, in a controlled environment, with
the aim of them becoming more able to dealResearch into improved understandings of how
with and leave behind the damaging memories.neurotransmitter systems operate with
Medications have been found to lessen PTSDmemories of high significance may prove
symptoms of anxiety and depression whilstfruitful with reducing the early development
furthering sleep. Trauma-specific treatmentsof PTSD via psychological interventions or
are  currently  being  worked  on.medications.



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